Historically Speaking: Nathan Frederick English

Nathan English was the son of Eli, 1789-1852, of Norwich, Vt.  Nathan with his wife, Emily Stocker moved to Hartland in about 1834.

Nathan English was a remarkable man with a remarkable family. He was an inventor as were his sons, Euler, Analdo and Ernest. He also had some inventions with his brother-in-law, Benjamin Livermore.

A kindly man who carried raisins in his pockets to give to the children, N.F. spent countless hours in his shop on Lull Brook inventing things such as a machine to bind or wrap horse whips, and he made a drill that would drill cast iron. The Foundry people wanted to buy it but he wouldn’t sell. Told them to come over when they wanted something bored and he would do it for them.

The following is from Analdo and Ernest’s reminiscence recorded by Howland Atwood.

Back in 1847 or 1848 Nathan and his brother-in-law got up a line of shoe machinery-press and dinking machines, etc. They went to Milford, Ma and hired a loft with power and he was a pioneer in introducing shoe machinery. Formerly a shoe factory was merely a warehouse. The materials were accumulated and dealt out to men who cut out shoes – though in those days, boots were mostly made. The people used to come there and they were given so many pegs and various shoe parts, which they took home. They lived on little farms and had a room or two in their homes which was used as a shop where they worked on or made the shoes. The people did not all do the same thing. There would be a team of stitchers who would go get their materials and take them home and stitch them. The bottomers pegged or sewed on the bottoms – did lasting. The news leaked out that English and Livermore were making shoes by machinery. English used to hire teams of men to work for him and the people, being jealous, would mob the men and disable them so they couldn’t work for a few days. Of course, when the men weren’t able to work, English and Livermore used to work in their places and Mr. English got very tired. Milford was sort of a malaria city and Mr. English got very sick and he and Livermore gave up the business as things didn’t go right. Mr. English came home, poorer than when he left, when Analdo was a baby. Mr. English was sick for 2 or 3 years and wasn’t able to do much. A partner in their business had absorbed what was left.

A daguerreotype had not been out a great while and along in 1850 Mr. English made them. After awhile he dropped that and began experimenting with machinery. Mr. English made a turning machine in his round top shop which would cut an irregular last. There were two lathes and a pattern was put in and there was a saw which cut in unison with the turning of the last. He carried on the last business for a few years. He wouldn’t make a fashionable last so that is probably why he lost the business. He made several of these turning machines. Hammond and Merritt had one in their factory on the Mill Gorge. There was a gristmill with several runs of stone and below that a sawmill with machinery for making other things out of wood. There was one of Mr. English’s turning machines over in the foundry where they turned out wagon spokes, etc.

Along about 1858-59 Mr. English got up a sort of photographic apparatus, so that he took pictures around the area. He had a room in his house for working with daguerreotypes and one for sensitizing and developing “amber types”. By the time the Civil War broke out he had completed a daguerreotype machine and used it for a year or so.

In 1862, Nathan made up a portable “amber type” machine. It was a box 10 inches square and 20 inches long. This was the wet process. Mr. English made quite a few of these apparatus’s and he used to fit men out with them. He outfitted a boy studying to be a doctor who put himself through college by taking pictures during vacations – at the seashore and elsewhere. Mr. Milliken of the Brattleboro Reporter bought the patent right. Mr. English took hundreds of pictures, many of them portraits.

N.F.’s last years were spent making microscopes, telescopes, etc. He ground thousands of lenses and had rather a craze for making them. He spent months making powerful microscopes. He had one with such a wonderful lens that doctors used to come from all over to use his microscope, as it was so much better than theirs.

Reprinted from the Vermont Standard, “Historically Speaking” by Carol Mowry.

Weed Cemetery Survey, 1991

The following is a transcription of the prologue to the 1991 survey of the Weed Cemetery done by Howland Atwood.  Virtually all of the information from the survey has been incorporated into the data in the Hartland Historical Society’s website.  A copy of the original is available in the Society’s library.

The survey has seven pages of transcriptions and notes.  It is supplemented by three pages of names, dates, and ages labeled, “Weed Cemetery – Town Highway #22, Hartland, Vt. (1989 Survey).

THE WEED CEMETERY

Byron P. Ruggles compiled a record from the gravestones in the Weed Graveyard on August 3, 1907. He reported the condition of the cemetery as “now a complete hedgerow of trees, brush, briars and weeds.” The town officers fro many years have taken an interest in the proper maintenance of its cemeteries and new flags are still placed in the metal flagholders on each soldier’s grave every Memorial Day.

The oldest gravestone is probably that of Moses Currier, who died March 20, 1791, ages 77 years. There are dated gravestones in every decade up through the nineteenth century to Dec. 31, 1893, the date of Augustine W. Rodgers, a civil war soldier.  There was a gap of 77 years before burials were resumed.

George Crandall was buried there in 1970 and George Spear in 1978.  Two boys, born the same year (1908), the youngest in their families, who were lifelong friends and grew up on adjoining farms in the Weed neighborhood. George Crandall wasn’t born in the neighborhood Crandall farm, but came there to live when he was about six years old.  His mother, Myrta Crandall exchanged her farm (the Blodgett place on County road) for the farm of Frank Burke on the Weed road in the spring of 1914.  George Crandall and George Spear were very successful in life.  Both retired in the same neighborhood.  George Spear on the farm settled on by his Gates ancestors and George Crandall on the Ahira Flower farm that adjoined the farm wher he spent most of his boyhood.  His retirement home farm may have adjoined the Weed farm.  George Spear’s wife Celia was buried in the Weed cemetery in 1986.

Later generations of the Weed family were buried in the Hartland Village cemetery (see pages 17 and 66A of the record of that cemetery).  The Weed family farm was probably sold out of the family in the early 1900s.  The descendants removed to Massachusetts.  Many descendants of original families in Vermont towns have moved out of state for better opportunities for over 150 years and still will.

Weed cemetery was a part of the old Weed farm.  Evaline (Darling) Morgan, who was a Weed descendant, wrote a very interesting article about a walk she took on June 20, 1943 from her family home on Hartland Hill — the next place beyond Lillian Marcotte’s.  She described her walk “across lots” and down through the Mose Weed hollow at one time.  The mill pond or what remained of it was aftwards used for a “sheep dip”. The brook wound down through the hills to join Lull brook at Fieldsville.

From this point, about 3/4 of the way down page one of the survey, are entries about the people buried in this cemetery and the markers left on their graves.

Transcribed by Brad Hadley, November 2011.

Preface to “Your Grandparent’s Recipes From the Hills of Hartland”

 

Preface

By Judith Howland

I commend the Hartland Historical Society for compiling this cookbook. Taking pains to collate and publish the recipes of Hartland’s previous generations is a worthy project and benefits us all. History is not just names and dates; it is also the crafts, the tools, the seasonal tasks, and most of all – the food! And that means recipes and directions for making dishes “just the same way Grandma did.” I grew up in Hartland and have many memories of special foods such as:

Grandma’s chocolate birthday cakes. She made round chocolate layer cakes with chocolate frosting and white “beading” on top. It was such a treat, along with home made ice cream and a gathering of cousins to share in the birthday.

Sally Comstock’s spice cake, which she would make for the Grout School Community Club’s weekly winter whist parties. A whist party consisted of an evening of cards which ended with sandwiches, cupcakes and pieces of Sally’s spice cake for refreshments.

Home-made ice cream at Fairview farm, which was my Grandma’s childhood home. We had an annual family picnic with ice cream and my mother’s custard pies for dessert. We sat at picnic tables beneath the two trees planted in honor of Grandma (Kittie Gates Spear) and her sister (Nellie Gates).

Dora Shepard’s dried beef gravy (some would call this chipped gravy) on boiled potato. It tasted so good on cold winter nights.

Della Merritt’s lemon sponge pie. Mrs. Merritt would make her pies for community suppers, and they were always well received.

Popped corn with melted butter and cocoa for Sunday night supper. We used to grow our own popcorn and shell it by hand for popping in a wire popper on the stove.

Sugar on snow. Many families enjoyed sugar on snow in early spring, before all the snow had melted. This tradition is carried on annually at the Universalist Church by Clyde Jenne and Bruce Locke.

Strawberry shortcake. Once every summer we would enjoy a meal that consisted only of strawberries, biscuits, and whipped cream. Nothing else.

Then there were all the suppers! The Firemen’s Turkey Supper was in the fall, then the Fish and Game Club’s Wild Game Supper. Somewhere in there were the Grange suppers at Damon Hall. These were followed by the Brick Church’s Roast Beef Suppers in the winter and the Universalist Church’s Chicken Pie Suppers in the fall. The meat at these suppers has always been excellent. But a good word needs to be inserted here on behalf of the home made rolls, the mashed potatoes, the home made cole slaw and the winter squash.

The pies deserve their own paragraph! At every supper, someone has had the responsibility of “soliciting pies.” This means calling up every name on the list and asking for two pies, freshly baked, for each supper. Each pie baker would then turn out her best example of pie.

The kinds of foods that the cooks prepared might be for special occasions, such as holidays or birthdays, but some of the most memorable were for the everyday meals which were prepared with devotion for the family.

Hartland News, Vermont Tribune, December 13, 1889

Gospel meetings were held at the M. E. church every afternoon and evening,  last week.

Rev. Allen HAZEN was in Boston, last week.

Mrs. Dr. RUGG and Master Harold were at Proctorsville with Mrs. Sarah HAGAR, last week.

Mrs. Jane GOVE of Springfield, Mass., is in town.

Miss Carrie E. PERRY left, recently, for Boston, where she has secured a situation as teacher.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Hartland News, Vermont Tribune, February 22, 1889

A sleigh ride, supper, and a few hours indulgence in the fashionable game of whist, was enjoyed by a company of gentlemen and ladies from Windsor, last week, at the Pavilion House.

Henry D. DUNBAR of the Baldwin Locomotive Works is at his home in North Hartland for a short time.

Frank E. BADGER, while cutting wood for I. N. SARGENT, a few days ago, had the misfortune to split his great toe through the middle, leaving half the bone on each side, the cut extending back among the bones in the foot. Dr. RUGG was called to dress the wound, and hopes the toe may be saved.

J. P. STILLSON and Frank MILLER are cutting lumber on the TRASK farm, for H. S. BRITTON.

Homer GILSON, son of Nathaniel GILSON of this town, has been appointed superintendent of the Tuckerton Railroad, in Connecticut – a road with which he has long been connected.

C. S. BRIGHAM, clerk for W. R. STURTEVANT for the past three years, has resigned his position and started, last Monday, for Florida, where he has a son living.

Mrs. S. M. DUNBAR has so far recovered from her injury as to be around the house again but her husband is gradually failing, having been confined to his bed for most two weeks.

A. A. MARTIN is the happy recipient of a beautiful gold watch with his name engraved on its face. His mother was the donor.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Hartland Town Meeting Results, Vermont Tribune, March 15, 1889

Moderator, J. H. EASTMAN; clerk, W. R. STURTEVANT;  selectmen, Asa WEED, J. H. EASTMAN, C. C. GATES; listers, E. S. AINSWORTH, Geo. W. SPEAR, Wilson BRITTON; auditors, E. S. AINSWORTH, W. R. STURTEVANT,  B. F. LABAREE; street commissioners, selectmen; treasurer, E. W. BILLINGS;  overseer, C. P. BURK; agent, E. M. GOODWIN; constable, J. S. SLEEPER; grand juror, A. J. WEED; trustee U. S. revenue, E. W. BILLINGS; school board, D. F. RUGG.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Hartland News, Vermont Tribune, March 15, 1889

B. P. RUGGLES has recently received by mail, from Marseilles, France, three packages of Mediterranean sea-shells that were mailed at Marseilles last August, but being misdirected to “Wisconsin,” instead of Vermont, went astray and were sent to the dead letter office; from whence postmaster STEVENS received a notice that such packages were there and the inquiry if such a man was here. Mr. STEVENS’ reply brought the packages, containing 160 specimens of 40 species, about two quarts in bulk and 30 ounces in weight.

J. G. MORGAN has contracted all the maple syrup he makes this season to Mr. REED of Woodstock, for 70 cents per gallon.

Clarence MARTIN of Claremont was in town last week.

Three young men of the Methodist Seminary at Montpelier will give an entertainment in the M. E. church here, Wednesday evening of this week, after which the young people will serve cake and coffee in the vestry.

Our popular drum corps gave their drama, “The Firemen,” to a crowded house in Plainfield, last Saturday. They are invited to repeat it at North Hartland next Saturday evening.

The many friends of Miss Lena PERKINS will be glad to know that she is slowly improving.

George DAVIS has bought the Buckley MARCY place, at the Four Corners, for $400.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Hartland News, Vermont Tribune, December 21, 1888

A class in French has been organized in this village, with Hugo CARY as instructor.

Arthur ALEXANDER is back again in his old place in E. M. RUSSELL’s wheel-wright-shop.

Mrs. Lewis ROGERS died, last week, and was buried Sunday, in the Plain Cemetery, beside her husband, who died last May.

Mrs. J. B. LINDSAY has sold her place on the Plain to Lawyer HOLT of Claremont, N. H. Fred McLAUGHLIN is to occupy the house.

Mrs. Henry T. MARSH of Woodstock is spending the winter with her daughter, Mrs. A. A. STURTEVANT.

About forty of the young folks held a party with Fred A. DUNDAR (DUNBAR?), Wednesday of last week.

Old Mr. WILLIAMSON, living on the Plain, is very ill, with no hopes of recovery.

Mrs. Olive GOVE died last Saturday morning, and was buried this (Tuesday) afternoon, Rev. C. M. CARPENTER officiating.

Charles E. FOLLANSBEE has been visiting friends in town, for a few days. He is employed in the insane asylum in Somerville, Mass.

Mrs. C. TRUAX has gone to East St. Johnsbury to care for a sick sister, who is considered hopelessly insane.

Norman PERRY has entered into a business arrangement with Gen. Henry A. FARRINGTON of Manchester, N. H. which necessitates his removal from this village. His wife, Mrs. Dr. PERRY, will accompany him.

Oliver SMITH is again on the street, after being laid up for several weeks, caused by a fall from a tree, while picking apples.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Hartland News, Vermont Tribune, September 13, 1889

Many of the young people are away at school.  A. C. STEVENS, Mary  STEVENS, and Gertie SMITH at Montpelier;  Katie AINSWORTH at St. Johnsbury;  Ida METZ at Orford, N. H.;  Florence STURTEVANT at Hartford, Conn.

Miss Hortense CLEVELAND is teaching in the Jenne district;  Miss Winnie BARNES, a graduate of the high school at White River Junction, in the Burke district;  Daniel LYMAN in Felchville;  Miss Lena CLOUGH of White River Junction in the village school.  The school-house has  been newly whitewashed and papered and otherwise improved.

Will M. PENNIMAN left town, last week, to enter Dartmouth College.

Mr. and Mrs. Fred CLARKE left town, Monday, for York Beach in Maine. They intend to be absent several weeks.

Solomon LADD and wife, of Lowell, Mass., have been recent guests of Mr. and Mrs. N. F. ENGLISH.

M. R. HEADLE of Middletown Springs and Will HEADLE of Rutland are guests of their father, R. W. HEADLE.

George SPAULDING comes to the front seat with tomatoes, having one raised in his garden that weighs two pounds and measures seventeen inches round it.

Mrs. E. H. PITKIN died very suddenly, Friday night, being sick only fifteen miuntes.  Heart disease supposed to be the cause.

Transcribed by Ruth Barton

Weed Cemetery: Chloe, Chloe, and Chloe

There are three people buried in Weed Cemetery with the name Chloe (or Chloa). They are a mother, daughter, and granddaughter.

Chloe Peabody was born July 20, 1789, in Reading, VT, the daughter of Daniel Peabody. Her mother’s name is not on the birth record, but the death records says that her mother’s name was Abigail. Chloe married William Rogers, likely his second wife, and had nine children between 1815 and 1834. She died December 8, 1864 of lung fever. She was buried in Weed Cemetery, and her gravestone is included in the 1907 survey, but it is listed as no longer there in the 1991 survey.

Her first child was Abigail Rogers, who was born about 1815. Abigail married George Bagley in 1841. She died November 3, 1863. Abigail and George Bagley had a daughter Chloe Ann (Chloa Ann on the gravestone) Bagley around 1842, apparently named after her grandmother, Chloe (Peabody) Rogers. Chloe Ann died at age 12 in 1854 and is buried in Weed Cemetery.

Chloe (Peabody) Rogers also had a daughter named Chloe Ann Rogers, born around 1831. She married Cornelius F. Person March 27, 1848 at Hartland. She died March 25, 1849, at the age of 18. No cause of death is given in her death record. Her gravestone is in Weed Cemetery.

So the three Chloe’s buried in Weed Cemetery are a mother (Chloe (Peabody) Rogers, 1879-1864), her daughter (Chloe Ann (Rogers) Person, about 1831-1848) and a granddaughter through the first child of Chloe Peabody Rogers, Adeline, Chloe Ann Bagley (about 1842-1854).

The information above is from Hartland Historical Society notes confirmed through Vermont Vital Records.